Pandemic Lessons: Covid-19 comes up and goes down, but it doesn’t go away

kAmqFE 9@A6 5@6D?’E 56=:G6C 6?5FC:?8 :>>F?:EJ]k^Am

kAmr@>:?8 @77 E96 H:?E6C\E@\DAC:?8 DA:<6 7F6=65 3J ~>:4C@? 2?5 :ED DF3G2C:2?ED[ 2?5 9625:?8 :?E@ E96 H2C> 2?5 2:CJ @FE5@@CD >@?E9D[ E96C6 D66>65 E@ 36 C62D@? 7@C @AE:>:D>i '244:?2E:@? A=FD H:56DAC625 A@DE\:?764E:@? :>>F?:EJ H@F=5 D66>:?8=J AC@G:56 2 DEFC5J H2== @7 AC@E64E:@?] %96 G:CFD\G2?BF:D9:?8 @FE5@@C 2:C H@F=5 3C62< 2A2CE 4=@F5D @7 2?J r@G:5\`h E92E C6>2:?65]k^Am

kAm%92E 92D H@C<65 – E@ 2 A@:?E – 3FE “?@E 2D 4C:DA=J @C 4=62C=J 2D H6 925 E9@F89E[” D2:5 sC] y@9? $6==:4<[ 2? :?764E:@FD 5:D62D6 DA64:2=:DE H:E9 E96 &?:G6CD:EJ 2E qF772=@[ z2=6:52 w62=E9 2?5 '6E6C2?D p772:CD]k^Am

kAm~>:4C@? :D 2 7CFDEC2E:?8=J C6D:=:6?E G2C:2?E[ 2?5 EH@ @7 :ED =2E6DE DF3G2C:2?ED – qp]d 2?5 qp]c – 2C6 5C:G:?8 FA :?764E:@? ?F>36CD 2C@F?5 E96 4@F?ECJ 2?5 36J@?5] %92E :?4=F56D }6H *@C< $E2E6 2?5[ E@ 2 568C66[ E96 qF772=@ C68:@?] %96 8@@5 ?6HDi 9@DA:E2=:K2E:@?D 2?5 562E9D C6>2:? =@H]k^Am

kAm%96J 2C6 E96 C62D@? H9J E9:D :D?’E BF:E6 @FC DF>>6C] (6’C6 244FDE@>65 E@ E96 5:D2AA@:?E>6?Ei %H@ J62CD 28@[ H6 9@A65 E96 4=62C 2:C @7 DF>>6C @7 a_a_ H@F=5 H:A6 @FE E96 E96?\J@F?8 G:CFD]k^Am

kAms:5?’E H@C<]k^Am

kAm{2DE DF>>6C[ H6 H:D965 7@C E96 G:CFD E@ H:E96C 2H2J 2D H6 82:?65 :>>F?:EJ 7C@> G244:?2E:@? 2?5 2 J62C\A=FD @7 E96 A2?56>:4]k^Am

kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^3F772=@?6HD]4@>^?6HD^=@42=^A2?56>:4\=6DD@?D\H96C6\2C6\H6\962565\7@C\72==\2?5\H:?E6C^2CE:4=60g274h3`2\7f2e\``63\225_\3f6g76caheah]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qmt?E6C s6=E2k^2m]k^Am

kAm}@Hn “(6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 DEF4< H:E9 E96D6 G2C:2?ED 7@C 2 3:E[” $6==:4< D2:5[ “6:E96C F?E:= H6 4@>A=6E6=J 86E E96> F?56C 4@?EC@= H:E9 G244:?2E:@? @C H6 D66 2 ?6H G2C:2?E]”k^Am

kAm%9:D :D H96C6 H6 DE2?5] {6E’D =@@< 2E H92E :E >62?D[ 2?5 H96C6 H6 2C6 962565ik^Am

kAmk6>mkDEC@?8m(92E :D E96 DE2E6 @7 E96 A2?56>:4nk^DEC@?8mk^6>mk^Am

kAmxE’D E9:D] r@G:5\`h 4@>6D FA 2?5 8@6D 5@H?[ 3FE :E 5@6D?’E 8@ 2H2J] %96 r6?E6CD 7@C s:D62D6 r@?EC@= 2?5 !C6G6?E:@? 6DE:>2E65 :? DAC:?8 E92E e_T @7 25F=ED 2?5 fdT @7 49:=5C6? 92G6 925 r@G:5\`h] r@>3:?6 E92E H:E9 G244:?2E:@?[ 2?5 E96C6’D 2 =@E @7 :>>F?:EJ @FE E96C6]k^Am

kAm%92E AC@E64E:@? 92D 96=A65 E2>A 5@H? 9@DA:E2= ?F>36CD 2?5 562E9D] qFE :E 5@6D?’E C6=:23=J AC6G6?E :?764E:@?] '2C:2?ED – H9:49 4@?E:?F6 E@ 6G@=G6 2D >@C6 A6@A=6 86E :?764E65 – 2C6 8@@5 2E 4:C4F>G6?E:?8 :E]k^Am

kAm“(6’C6 6?E6C:?8 2? 6?56>:4 7@C>[” D2:5 sC] }2?4J }:6=D6?[ 2 D6?:@C 2DD@4:2E6 562? 7@C 962=E9 A@=:4J 2E &q 2?5 A2DE AC6D:56?E @7 E96 p>6C:42? |65:42= pDD@4:2E:@?] “xE’D 8@:?8 E@ 36 D:>:=2C E@ H92E H6’G6 D66? H:E9 :?7=F6?K2[ H96C6 J@F 92G6 >FE2E:@?D E92E C6BF:C6 2 C67@C>F=2E:@? @7 E96 G244:?6] x E9:?< H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 6?5 FA H:E9 2??F2= D9@ED[ ;FDE =:<6 H6 5@ 7@C 7=F]”k^Am

kAmk6>mkDEC@?8m(92E 5@ E96 r@G:5\`h ?F>36CD =@@< =:<6 :? (6DE6C? }6H *@C< E@52Jnk^DEC@?8mk^6>mk^Am

kAmp =:EE=6 H@CD6 E92? 2 76H H66<D 28@[ 3FE 2 =@E 36EE6C E92? @E96C A2CED @7 E96 DE2E6 2?5 4@F?ECJik^Am

kAm• (6DE6C? }6H *@C< 925 2? 2G6C286 @7 ;FDE F?56C `b 42D6D A6C `__[___ A6@A=6 2D @7 yF=J f[ 244@C5:?8 E@ DE2E6 7:8FC6D] %92E ?F>36C H2D 4C66A:?8 FAH2C5[ 2D :E H2D :? >@DE C68:@?D @7 E96 DE2E6[ 3FE :E H2D 4@?D:56C23=J =@H6C E92? E96 2G6C286 :? }6H *@C< r:EJ WbgX[ {@?8 xD=2?5 WbfX 2?5 E96 >:5\wF5D@? Wb_X] xE’D 2=D@ >2C<65=J 36EE6C E92? u=@C:52 WcdX[ r2=:7@C?:2 WchX 2?5 >@DE @7 E96 4@F?ECJ[ 244@C5:?8 E@ DE2E:DE:4D 4@>A:=65 3J E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]>2J@4=:?:4]@C8^4@C@?2G:CFD\4@G:5\`h^>2AQ E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qm|2J@ r=:?:4k^2m] qFE :E :D FA 7C@> E96 6?5 @7 =2DE >@?E9i ~? yF?6 b_[ (6DE6C? }6H *@C<’D 2G6C286 H2D f]k^Am

kAm• k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^3F772=@?6HD]4@>^?6HD^=@42=^4@G:5\`h\:?\H6DE6C?\?6H\J@C<\E96\=2E6DE\DE2E:DE:4D^2CE:4=60ae`7_ga_\543d\``62\h256\5b6bd3b_ge_3]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qm(6DE6C? }6H *@C<’Dk^2m A@D:E:G6\E6DE 2G6C286 DE2?5D 2E h]fT 2D @7 yF=J g[ FA 7C@> d]dT E9C66 H66<D 62C=:6C]k^Am

kAm• w@DA:E2=:K2E:@?D[ >62?H9:=6[ C6>2:? C6=2E:G6=J 7=2E] (6DE6C? }6H *@C< 9@DA:E2=D 92G6 925 2? 2G6C286 @7 f_\D@>6 A6@A=6 52:=J D:?46 E96 6?5 @7 yF?6] w@DA:E2=:K2E:@?D 5@ E6?5 E@ =28 369:?5 C:D:?8 42D6 ?F>36CD[ 9@H6G6C[ H9:49 >62?D E9@D6 ?F>36CD 4@F=5 :?4C62D6 :? 4@>:?8 H66<D] qFE E96C6’D C62D@? E@ 36 @AE:>:DE:4 E92E E9@D6 ?F>36CD H@?’E DFC86]k^Am

kAmw@DA:E2=:K2E:@? 4@F?ED 2C6 “=2C86=J 564@FA=65 7C@> E96 ?F>36C @7 :?764E:@?D H6 92G6[” D2:5 sC] %9@>2D #FDD@ @7 &q[ 3642FD6 G244:?2E:@? “:D DE:== AC6EEJ 8@@5 2E AC6G6?E:?8 D6G6C6 5:D62D6 2?5 9@DA:E2=:K2E:@?[” 2?5 :>>F?:EJ 56C:G65 7C@> AC:@C :?764E:@? >2J AC@G:56 “2 >@56DE 568C66 @7 AC@E64E:@? 7C@> D6G6C6 5:D62D6]”k^Am

kAm#FDD@[ H9@ :D 49:67 @7 :?764E:@FD 5:D62D6 2E &q’D y24@3D $49@@= @7 |65:4:?6 2?5 q:@>65:42= $4:6?46D[ 4@?E:?F65i “(9@’D =2?5:?8 :? 9@DA:E2=Dn … ~FC F?G244:?2E65[ @FC :>>F?@4@>AC@>:D65 E92E 92G6?’E 8@EE6? tGFD96=5” – 2 >@?@4=@?2= 2?E:3@5J EC62E>6?E – “2?5 E9@D6 :?5:G:5F2=D E92E 92G6 8@EE6? @?=J @?6 @C EH@ D9@ED[ 3FE 92G6?’E 8@EE6? E92E 4C:E:42= E9:C5 D9@E]”k^Am

kAmk6>mkDEC@?8mp== E@=5[ (6DE6C? }6H *@C< :D 5@:?8 ~z] s@6D E92E >62? H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 6D42A6 E96 DA:<6 E92E’D 92AA6?:?8 :? @E96C A2CED @7 E96 4@F?ECJnk^DEC@?8mk^6>mk^Am

kAmxE 4@F=5] ~C H6 >:89E ;FDE 86E :E =2E6C] pD H:E9 >@DE 6=6>6?ED @7 E96 A2?56>:4[ AC65:4E:?8 E96 7FEFC6 :D ?@E9:?8 >@C6 E92? 2 9:89=J :?E6==64EF2=[ 52E2\:?7@C>65 8F6DD:?8 82>6]k^Am

kAmw6C6’D H92E H6 <?@Hik^Am

kAm• $@>6E:>6D[ E96 ?F>36CD :? }6H *@C< r:EJ A@CE6?5 H92E H:== 92AA6? :? qF772=@] (6 D2H E92E 2E E96 368:??:?8 @7 E96 A2?56>:4[ H96? r@G:5\`h 6IA=@565 :? E96 4:EJ[ 2?5 DAC625 FADE2E6 @G6C E96 7@==@H:?8 H66<D]k^Am

kAm• qFE E96 4@?5:E:@?D E@52J 2C6 G2DE=J 5:776C6?E E92? :? |2C49 a_a_] q24< E96?[ r@G:5\`h H2D DAC625:?8 5FC:?8 E96 4@=5 :?5@@C >@?E9D 7C@> @?6 F?DFDA64E:?8 C6DA:C2E@CJ DJDE6> E@ E96 ?6IE] %@52J[ r@G:5\`h – 2?5 6G6? :ED G2C:2?ED – 2C6?’E 4@>A=6E6=J 7@C6:8? E@ @FC :>>F?6 DJDE6>D] p 4@>3:?2E:@? @7 G244:?2E:@?[ 6IA@DFC6 2?5 AC:@C :?764E:@? 4C62E6 2E =62DE 2 32D6=:?6 @7 AC@E64E:@? E92E :D =:<6=J E@ D=@H – 3FE ?@E DE@A – DAC625]k^Am

kAm• (6DE6C? }6H *@C< D2H 2 D:8?:7:42?E DAC:?8 DA:<6[ 2?5[ 2D #FDD@ A@:?ED @FE[ E96 4@==64E:G6 :>>F?:EJ 7C@> E92E >2J DE:== 36 AC@E64E:?8 FD ?@H] $@[ E@@[ :D E96 H62E96C[ H9:49 92D FD =2C86=J =:G:?8 @FC =:G6D @FE5@@CD @C H:E9 @A6? H:?5@HD]k^Am

kAm“xE’D ?@E D@ 9@E E92E H6’C6 5@:?8 2 =@E @7 DEF77 :?5@@CD H:E9 2:C 4@?5:E:@?:?8[” #FDD@ D2:5[ “H9:49 :D @44FCC:?8 :? E96 D@FE96C? DE2E6D 2?5 A2CED @7 r2=:7@C?:2]”k^Am

kAmqFE :E H@?’E =2DE] x7 H6[ 2D 2 C68:@?[ 2C6 36:?8 AC@E64E65 ?@H 3J :>>F?:EJ 7C@> DAC:?8[ :E H:== H62C 5@H? 3J 72== – ;FDE 2D E96 H62E96C :D 4@@=:?8[ D49@@= :D DE2CE:?8[ 2?5 H6’C6 9625:?8 :?5@@CD]k^Am

kAm“!C6DF>23=J[ E96C6’D 8@:?8 E@ 36 D@>6 DAC625 H:E9 E96 9@=:52JD[ 2?5 46CE2:?=J @?46 E96 <:5D 86E 324< E@ D49@@=[ E96C6VD 8@:?8 E@ 36 D@>6 DAC625[” $6==:4< D2:5] “$@>6 @7 :E :D :?6G:E23=6[ 3FE ?@E `__T]”k^Am

kAmk6>mkDEC@?8mx7 J@F 5@ E6DE A@D:E:G6[ H92E’D E96 36DE E9:?8 E@ 5@nk^DEC@?8mk^6>mk^Am

kAmr2== J@FC 5@4E@C[ 6G6? :7 :E :D 2 >:=5 @C 2DJ>AE@>2E:4 42D6] x7 J@FC 286 @C AC6\6I:DE:?8 4@?5:E:@?D AFE J@F >@C6 2E C:D<[ J@FC A6CD@?2= A9JD:4:2? H:== 36 E96 A6CD@? E@ 8F:56 J@F] s@4E@CD 42? 2=D@ AC6D4C:36 !2I=@G:5[ 2? 2?E:G:C2= A:== 7@C A6@A=6 2E 9:89 C:D< E92E “5@6D 2 8@@5 ;@3 @7 <66A:?8 A6@A=6 @FE @7 E96 9@DA:E2=[” #FDD@ D2:5] qFE :E ?665D E@ 36 E2<6? H:E9:? 7:G6 52JD @7 E96 @?D6E @7 DJ>AE@>D[ H9:49 :D H9J 62C=J E6DE:?8 2?5 42==:?8 J@FC 5@4E@C :D <6J]k^Am

kAmk6>mkDEC@?8m(92E AC642FE:@?D D9@F=5 H6 36 E2<:?8nk^DEC@?8mk^6>mk^Am

kAm%9:D :D 2 ?F2?465 2?DH6C E92E :D D92A65 3J A6CD@?2= 49@:46 2?5 4:C4F>DE2?46] *@FC 286 2?5 962=E9 DE2EFD[ J@FC ;@3[ 72>:=J 2?5 D@4:2= 4:C4=6D 2?5 EC2G6= A=2?D 2== 724E@C :?E@ >2<:?8 E9@D6 49@:46D]k^Am

kAmx? 2 E6IE 6I492?86 7@C E9:D DE@CJ[ 7@C>6C $FC86@? v6?6C2= sC] y6C@>6 p52>D @776C65 E9:D 25G:46[ 32D65 @? H92E 96’D D66:?8 :? 9:D 7C6BF6?E EC2G6=D 2C@F?5 E96 4@F?ECJi “x’> 567:?:E6=J D66:?8 =6DD >2D<:?8 H:E9 6249 A2DD:?8 H66<[” 96 D2:5] “(9:=6 E96 FC86?4J 2?5 2EE:EF56D >2J 36 D9:7E:?8[ E96 25G:46 :D E96 D2>6 2D 2=H2JD] x7 J@F’C6 :? 2? 2C62 H96C6 E96C6 :D 2 D:8?:7:42?E r@G:5 DAC625 – 2?5 C:89E ?@H E92E’D 6G6CJH96C6 – J@F D9@F=5 E2<6 AC642FE:@?D H96? 82E96C:?8 2C@F?5 @E96CD @FED:56 J@FC A6CD@?2= 3F33=6]”k^Am

kAm%9@D6 AC642FE:@?D :?4=F56 H62C:?8 2? }\hd >2D< @C E96 6BF:G2=6?E[ p52>D D2:5[ 2?5 “36:?8 FA\E@\52E6” @? J@FC G244:?2E:@?D]k^Am

kAm$64@?5 3@@DE6C D9@ED 2C6 ?@H 2G2:=23=6 E@ 2== p>6C:42?D 286 d_ 2?5 FA[ 2?5 E9@D6 H9@ 2C6 :>>F?@4@>AC@>:D65] !7:K6C 2?5 |@56C?2[ E96 >2<6CD @7 E96 EH@ >#}p G244:?6D[ 9@A6 E@ 92G6 FA52E65 D9@ED E92E 255C6DD E96 >@C6 C646?E G2C:2?ED 2G2:=23=6 :? 72==]k^Am

kAm“%96 >@C6 A6CD@?2= C:D< 724E@CD J@F 92G6 7@C r@G:5 >@C3:5:EJ 2?5 >@CE2=:EJ[ E96 >@C6 :>A@CE2?E :E :D E@ E2<6 AC642FE:@?2CJ >62DFC6D[” p52>D D2:5] “qFE H6 <?@H r@G:5 42? :>A24E 2?J@?6[ 2?5 H6 2=D@ <?@H E92E 76H A6@A=6 2C6 24EF2==J 256BF2E6=J FA\E@\52E6 @? E96:C G244:?2E:@?D[ D@ 7@=<D D9@F=5 ECJ E@ 2G@:5 36:?8 @G6C4@?7:56?E 6G6? :7 AC6G:@FD=J G244:?2E65]”k^Am