Erik Brady: Remembering Salamanca's own 'Remarkable Ray Caldwell,' who brought the heat and survived the lightning

kAm%96 @E96C 52J[ {@D p?86=6D s@586CD A:E496C r=2JE@? z6CD92H 925 2 A6C764E 82>6 E9C@F89 D6G6? :??:?8D] ~7 E96 >@C6 E92? aa_[___ >2;@C\=628F6 82>6D :? 9:DE@CJ[ ;FDE ab 92G6 366? A6C764E — 2?5 z6CD92H H2D D:I @FED 7C@> 2?@E96C H96? >2?286C s2G6 #@36CED =:7E65 9:>]k^Am

kAm(92E >:89E r2=5H6== 92G6 E9@F89E @7 E92En (6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 8F6DD E92E 96 H@F=5 ?@E 92G6 2AAC@G65]k^Am

kAmw6 5:65 :? `hef[ 2E 286 fh[ 2?5 :D 3FC:65 :? #2?5@=A9[ r2EE2C2F8FD r@F?EJ] p?5 96 @?46 E9C6H E96 >@DE 2DE@?:D9:?8 4@>A=6E6 82>6 :? 32D632== 9:DE@CJ]k^Am

kAm!:E49:?8 7@C E96 r=6G6=2?5 x?5:2?D 282:?DE E96 G:D:E:?8 !9:=256=A9:2 pE9=6E:4D :? pF8FDE `h`h[ r2=5H6== 925 8:G6? FA 7@FC 9:ED 2?5 @?6 H2=< E9C@F89 6:89E :??:?8D H96? 2 DE@C> C@==65 :? @77 {2<6 tC:6] x? E96 ?:?E9[ 96 :?5F465 2 4@FA=6 @7 :?7:6=5 A@AFAD] p?5 E96?[ 2D 96 E@65 E96 CF336C :? E96 C2:?[ =@@<:?8 7@C E92E =2DE @FE[ 2 3@=E @7 =:89E?:?8 DECF4< 9:>]k^Am

kAmw:D E62>>2E6D 5@G6 E@ E96 8C@F?5[ E96? CFD965 E@ E96 >@F?5] %96J 7@F?5 r2=5H6== 7=2E @? 9:D 324<[ F?4@?D4:@FD[ 2C>D DAC625 H:56] w:D 496DE H2D D>@=56C:?8[ @C D@ 9:D E62>>2E6D E6DE:7:65]k^Am

kAm%96J E9@F89E 96 H2D 5625]k^Am

kAmqFE r2=5H6== 3682? E@ 8C@2?] w6 DECF88=65 E@ 9:D <?66D[ E96? E@ 9:D 766E] !=2J6C\>2?286C %C:D $A62<6C E@=5 9:> E96J H@F=5 CFD9 9:> E@ E96 9@DA:E2=] qFE r2=5H6== H@F=5 92G6 ?@?6 @7 E92E]k^Am

kAm“x 92G6 @?6 >@C6 @FE E@ 86E[” 96 D2:5]k^Am

kAm$A62<6C @3;64E65[ 3FE r2=5H6==’D C6;@:?56C 42>6 :? 9:89 2?5 E:89E]k^Am

kAm“v:G6 >6 E96 52?865 32==[” 96 D2:5[ “2?5 EFC? >6 E@H2C5 E96 A=2E6]”k^Am

kAm#6=F4E2?E=J[ $A62<6C 24BF:6D465 2?5 H6?E 324< E@ 46?E6C 7:6=5] p’D D9@CEDE@A y@6 sF82? DE6AA65 :?E@ E96 32EE6C’D 3@I] r2=5H6== E9C6H @?6 >@C6 A:E49[ sF82? D=2AA65 2 92C5 8C@F?56C E@ E9:C5[ 2?5 (:==:6 v2C5?6C <?@4<65 :E 5@H? 2?5 E9C6H E@ 7:CDE[ ;FDE :? E:>6[ 7@C E96 7:?2= @FE]k^Am

kAmx?5:2?D a[ p’D `]k^Am

kAmx7 E92E D@F?5D >@C6 =:<6 =686?5 E92? 724E[ 36 25G:D65 E92E E96 C6A@CE6CD H9@ 4@G6C65 E96 82>6 DH@C6 :E H2D ECF6] x? E96 AC6DD 3@I E96J[ E@@[ 925 76=E E96 ;@=E] %96 r=6G6=2?5 !C6DD C6A@CE65 E92E E96 =:89E?:?8 DEC:<6 <?@4<65 @77 $E6G6 ~’}6:==’D 42E496C’D >2D<] &>A:C6 q:==J tG2?D D2:5 96 4@F=5 766= 2 D9@4<] $9@CEDE@A #2J r92A>2? D2:5 E92E H96? 96 925 EC:65 E@ CF? E@ r2=5H6==’D D:56[ 96 ?62C=J 76== @G6C 7C@> E96 ?F>3?6DD :? 9:D =68D]k^Am

kAmpD 7@C r2=5H6==[ E9:D :D H92E 96 E@=5 E96 r=6G6=2?5 !=2:? s62=6Ci “u6=E =:<6 D@>63@5J 42>6 FA H:E9 2 3@2C5 2?5 9:E >6 @? E96 E@A @7 E96 9625]”k^Am

kAm%92E pF8FDE 52J H2D r2=5H6==’D 7:CDE 82>6 A:E49:?8 7@C E96 x?5:2?D] w6 925 8@@5 C62D@? E@ H2?E E@ :>AC6DD 9:D ?6H E62>>2E6Di %9:D H2D 9:D =2DE 492?46 :? E96 3:8 =628F6D]k^Am

kAmw:D =:76 =625:?8 FA E@ E92E >@>6?E 925 925 :ED D92C6 @7 E9F?56C 2?5 =:89E?:?8[ E@@[ :7 @?=J :? E96 >6E2A9@C:42= D6?D6]k^Am

kAmr2=5H6== H2D 3@C? :? !6??DJ=G2?:2[ ?62C E96 }6H *@C< =:?6[ 2?5 8C6H FA :? $2=2>2?42] w6 E@@< FA E6=68C2A9J[ =:<6 9:D DE6A72E96C[ 2?5 A=2J65 32D632== — E9C@H:?8 C:89E[ 9:EE:?8 =67E] w6 H2D e\a[ `h_ A@F?5D[ 2?5 9:D ?:4<?2>6 H2D “$=:>]”k^Am

kAmw6 3C@<6 :?E@ E96 3:8 =628F6D :? `h`_ H:E9 E96 }6H *@C< w:89=2?56CD[ =2E6C E@ 36 <?@H? 2D E96 *2?<66D] w6 H2D E96:C DE2CE:?8 A:E496C[ ``_ J62CD 28@ E@52J[ :? E96 7:CDE 82>6 6G6C A=2J65 2E u6?H2J !2C<] Ww6 =2DE65 b⅓ :??:?8D 2?5 E96 q@DE@? #65 $@I H@?[ f\e[ @? $A62<6C’D #qx D:?8=6 :? E96 ``E9 :??:?8]Xk^Am

kAmqJ `h`c[ H96? r2=5H6== H6?E `g\h[ H:E9 2 `]hc 62C?65 CF? 2G6C286[ ?@ =6DD 2 HC:E6C E92? vC2?E=2?5 #:46 DF886DE65 E92E 96 4@F=5 H6== 36 E96 ?6IE (2=E6C y@9?D@?] p=2D[ E92E H2D ?@E E@ 36] r2=5H6== 925 — 2D E96 DA@CEDHC:E6CD @7 E92E 6C2 86?E=J A9C2D65 :E — “:CC68F=2C 923:ED]” $A@CE:?8 {:76 D2:5 96 925 “@442D:@?2= 7=:CE2E:@? H:E9 E92E H9:49 :D 2>36C 2?5 7@2>J]” %96 $A@CE:?8 }6HD 42==65 9:> “@?6 @7 E9@D6 76==@HD H9@ 42??@E D2J[ ‘}@]’ ”k^Am

kAm$@>6E:>6D r2=5H6== H@F=5 5:D2AA62C 7@C 2 52J @C EH@ 27E6C 2 ?:89E @? E96 E@H?] *2?<66D >2?286C uC2?< r92?46 42==65 :E “qC@25H2J EC2:?:?8” 2?5 7:?65 9:> Sb__ E9C66 E:>6D :? `h`c] r2=5H6== H2D F?92AAJ H:E9 E92E[ D@ 96 D:8?65 H:E9 E96 qF772=@ E62> @7 E96 u656C2= {628F6 — <?@H? G2C:@FD=J 2D E96 qF7765D 2?5 E96 qF772=@ q=F6D — :? $6AE6>36C `h`c] w6 8@E 2 Sa[d__ 25G2?46 3FE ?6G6C D9@H65 FA]k^Am

kAmr2=5H6== C6EFC?65 E@ E96 *2?<66D :? `h`d] qJ E96? E96J 925 2 ?6H @H?6C[ y24@3 #FAA6CE] W$A@CE:?8 {:76 4@=F>?:DE y2>6D xD2>:?86C H@?56C65 :7 r2=5H6== 925 4@>6 324< 3642FD6 #FAA6CE >256 9:D >@?6J :? E96 366C 3FD:?6DD]X %96 *2?<66D D6?E Sa[d__ @7 r2=5H6==’D D2=2CJ 324< E@ E96 qF7765D] p?5 r2=5H6== E@=5 C6A@CE6CD 96 “925 E2<6? 2 =:<:?8” E@ q:== s@?@G2?[ 9:D ?6H >2?286C] WxE H@F=5?’E =2DE]Xk^Am

kAmr2=5H6== C6H2C565 E96 *2?<D H:E9 2 3C62<@FE 62C=J D62D@?[ E@DD:?8 2 EH@\9:EE6C E@ 362E y@9?D@?[ (2D9:?8E@?’D 246[ :? pAC:=[ 2?5 E96? 9:EE:?8 9@>6 CF?D @? E9C66 4@?D64FE:G6 52JD :? yF?6 — @?46 2D 2 A:E496C[ EH:46 2D 2 A:?49 9:EE6C] W%96 $=F886C @7 $2=2>2?42 H2D E92E C2C6 A:E496C H9@ 4@F=5 9:E H6== 6?@F89 E@ 36 2 A:?49 9:EE6C 2?5 CF? H6== 6?@F89 E@ 36 2 A:?49 CF??6C]X qFE 9:D CF? DFAA@CE =24<65 — E96 *2?<D D4@C65 ;FDE @?6 CF? 7@C 9:> :? 2 7:G6\82>6 DEC6E49 — 2?5 96 7:?:D965 E92E D62D@? `h\`e H:E9 2 a]eh t#p]k^Am

kAmw6 DE2CE65 H6== 282:? :? `h`e[ 3FE 3J =2E6 yF=J 96 H2D @?46 >@C6 8@:?8 p(~{] s@?@G2? EC:65 7:?6D 2?5 DFDA6?D:@?D] %96? r2=5H6== 5:D2AA62C65 6?E:C6=J] w6[ @C D@>6@?6 H9@ =@@<65 =:<6 9:>[ A:E4965 :? !2?2>2 E92E H:?E6C] r2=5H6== 56?:65 :E[ 3FE E96 A2A6CD E@@< E@ 42==:?8 9:> E96 !62C= @7 !2?2>2]k^Am

kAmw6 6?E6C65 `h`f :? E96 =2DE J62C @7 9:D *2?<66D 4@?EC24E] x? yF?6[ 282:?DE E96 pE9=6E:4D[ r2=5H6== H@? 3@E9 82>6D @7 2 5@F3=696256C] w6 H2D =:7E65 H:E9 2 h\_ =625 27E6C D:I :??:?8D @7 E96 7:CDE 82>6[ E96? A:E4965 2 4@>A=6E6 82>6 :? E96 ?:89E42A[ H9:49 E96 *2?<66D H@?[ a\`] qFE E96 C6DE @7 E92E D62D@? 7@==@H65 E96 A2EE6C? @7 D@ >2?J @E96CDi r2=5H6== H@F=5 A=2J 92C5 @? E96 7:6=5[ E96? A=2J 92C5 @77 @7 :E] w6 8@E DFDA6?565 282:? :? yF=J] p?5[ :? pF8FDE[ 9:D H:76 DF65 7@C DFAA@CE 7@C E96:C f\J62C\@=5 D@?]k^Am

kAm|:==6C wF88:?D 42>6 23@2C5 2D *2?<66D >2?286C 7@C E96 `h`g D62D@?] w6 D:8?65 r2=5H6== E@ 2 @?6\J62C 562=[ 2?5 E96 A:E496C E@=5 E96 (2D9:?8E@? !@DE E92E 96 H@F=5 H:? b_ 82>6D E92E D62D@?] w6 24EF2==J H@? ?:?6] wF88:?D 2DD:8?65 EH@ AC:G2E6 56E64E:G6D E@ E2:= r2=5H6==[ 3FE 96 @7E6? 6=F565 E96>] wF88:?D EC2565 9:> E@ E96 #65 $@I 27E6C E96 D62D@?]k^Am

kAmq@DE@?[ :? `h`h[ 2DD:8?65 9:> E@ C@@> @? E96 C@25 H:E9 q236 #FE9] W%9:D H2D F?H:D6 — E9@F89 ?@E 2D F?H:D6 2D D6==:?8 #FE9 E@ E96 *2?<66D E96 7@==@H:?8 y2?F2CJ]X qJ 62C=J yF=J[ E96 #65 $@I C6=62D65 r2=5H6==] xE =@@<65 =:<6 9:D 3:8\=628F6 42C66C H2D 5@?6] qFE E96 x?5:2?D H6C6 :? 2 7:89E H:E9 E96 r9:428@ (9:E6 $@I 7@C E96 A6??2?E[ 2?5 E96J ?66565 2?@E96C 2C>] $A62<6C D:8?65 r2=5H6== @? pF8] `h] u:G6 52JD =2E6C[ 96 H@F=5 A:E49 9:D 7:CDE 82>6 7@C E96 x?5:2?D — 2?5 86E DECF4< 3J =:89E?:?8]k^Am

kAm%96 2FE9@C uC2?<=:? {6H:D[ :? 9:D E62> 9:DE@CJ @7 E96 r=6G6=2?5 x?5:2?D[ =2JD @FE E96 4@?EC24E E92E $A62<6C @776C65 E@ r2=5H6==] xE D2:5 E92E 96 H2D E@ 86E 5CF?< 27E6C 82>6D :? H9:49 96 A:E4965[ 2?5 E92E 96 H2D ?@E E@ C6A@CE E@ E96 E62> E96 ?6IE 52J] %96?[ :? E96 52JD 367@C6 9:D ?6IE DE2CE[ 96 H2D E@ CF? =2AD 2?5 A:E49 32EE:?8 AC24E:46] %96 3@@< @776CD E9:D 6I492?86ik^Am

kAmr2=5H6==i “*@F =67E @FE @?6 H@C5[ %C:D] (96C6 :E D2JD x’G6 8@E E@ 86E 5CF?< 27E6C 6G6CJ 82>6[ E96 H@C5 ?@E 92D 366? =67E @FE]”k^Am

kAm$A62<6Ci “}@[ :E D2JD J@F 2C6 E@ 86E 5CF?<]”k^Am

kAmr2=5H6==i “~<2J] x’== D:8?]”k^Am

kAmw6 A:E4965 D:I 82>6D 7@C E96 x?5:2?D :? E96 C6>2:?56C @7 E92E D62D@? — 2?5 H@? 7:G6] tG2?D[ E96 F>A:C6 :? E96 =:89E?:?8 82>6[ HC@E6 2 4@=F>? 7@C E96 s6EC@:E }6HD 27E6C E96 D62D@? E92E D2:5[ “%96C6 H2D ?@E9:?8 >@C6 C6>2C<23=6 :? E96 `h`h 42>A2:8? E92? E96 C6>2C<23=6 #2J r2=5H6==]”k^Am

kAmw6 H2D <?@H? 7@C 9:D 8@@5 72DE32== 2?5 6G6? 36EE6C 4FCG632==[ 2?5 E92E D62D@? 96 25565 E96 DA:E32==] %92E A:E49 H2D 32??65 DE2CE:?8 :? `ha_[ 3FE 96 H2D @?6 @7 `f A:E496CD H9@ H6C6 8C2?572E96C65 :? 2?5 4@F=5 4@?E:?F6 E@ E9C@H :E =682==J] r2=5H6== H@? a_ 82>6D :? `ha_[ 2?5 uC65 {:63 @7 E96 }6H *@C< tG6?:?8 %6=68C2> 42==65 9:> “@?6 @7 E96 >2CG6=D @7 E96 286] … w6 92D 9:D @=5 D>@<6 2?5 9:D 72>@FD 9@A @? E96 32==]”k^Am

kAm%96 x?5:2?D H@? E96 p>6C:42? {628F6 A6??2?E[ 3FE DF776C65 2 EC2865J 2=@?8 E96 H2J] x? pF8FDE[ #2J r92A>2? — E96 D9@CEDE@A H9@ 925 76=E ?F>3?6DD :? 9:D =68D 27E6C E96 =:89E?:?8 DEC:<6 — 8@E 9:E :? E96 9625 3J 2 A:E4965 32== :? 2 82>6 282:?DE E96 *2?<66D] w6 5:65 `a 9@FCD =2E6C]k^Am

kAm%96 x?5:2?D 565:42E65 E96 `ha_ (@C=5 $6C:6D E@ r92A>2?] p?5 r2=5H6== 8@E E96 DE2CE :? v2>6 %9C66[ H:E9 E96 D6C:6D 282:?DE E96 qC@@<=J? #@3:?D E:65 2E @?6] w6 =2DE65 @?6\E9:C5 @7 2? :??:?8 2?5 E@@< E96 =@DD] qFE E96 x?5:2?D H@? E96 =2DE 7@FC 82>6D E@ H:? E96 $6C:6D[ 7:G6 82>6D E@ EH@]k^Am

kAm$A62<6C >@G65 r2=5H6== E@ E96 3F==A6? :? `ha` 2?5 2E @?6 A@:?E DFDA6?565 9:> 7@C G:@=2E:?8 “CF=6D @7 5:D4:A=:?6]” tG6? H:E9 2 4@?EC24E E92E 2==@H65 7@C ?:89ED @FE[ r2=5H6== 4@F=5 ?@E DE2J @FE @7 EC@F3=6] w6 H6?E e\e :? `ha`[ 9:D `aE9 D62D@? :? E96 >2;@C =628F6D — 2?5 ?6G6C A=2J65 :? E96> 282:?]k^Am

kAmqFE 96 H2D 2 76==@H H9@ 4@F=5 ?@E D2J ?@i w6 A=2J65 `a >@C6 D62D@?D :? E96 >:?@C =628F6D] p== E@=5[ 96 A:E4965 >@C6 E92? a[a__ :??:?8D :? E96 >2;@CD[ H:E9 `bb H:?D[ 2?5 >@C6 E92? a[a__ :??:?8D :? E96 >:?@CD[ H:E9 `dh H:?D] p?5 E96? 96 D6EE=65 324< :? (6DE6C? }6H *@C<] w6 925 2 72C> :? uC6HD3FC8 2?5 H@C<65 2D 2 E6=68C2A96C 7@C E96 C2:=C@25 :? y2>6DE@H?] w6 >2CC:65 7@C 2 7@FCE9 E:>6[ 2?5 2E @?6 A@:?E 96 2?5 9:D H:76[ tDE6==6[ H@C<65 2E E96 {2<6H@@5 #@5 2?5 vF? r=F3] $96 4@@<65j 96[ @7 4@FCD6[ E6?565 32C]k^Am

kAmr2=5H6== :D 2 >6>36C @7 E96 r92FE2FBF2 $A@CED w2== @7 u2>6] w:D E2=6?E >:89E 92G6 E2<6? 9:> E@ E96 }2E:@?2= q2D632== w2== @7 u2>6[ E@@[ 3FE 7@C 9:D :CC68F=2C 923:ED]k^Am

kAm“r2=5H6== :D 2 3@J H9@ C62==J =:<6D E@ A=2J 32D632==[” HC@E6 (2=E6C %CF>3F== :? E96 }6H *@C< (@C=5 :? `h`d] “(96? 96 :D :? 4@?5:E:@?[ 96 :D 2 8C62E A:E496C — @?6 @7 E96 8C62E6DE :? E96 82>6] … r6CE2:? >6?[ DF49 2D %J r@33 2?5 y@9? |4vC2H[ 42??@E 362C E@ =@D6] x7 :E :D @?=J A:E49:?8 A6??:6D 2E 2 4C24<[ E96J AFE E96:C H9@=6 962CE :?E@ :E] x7 E96 D@F= @7 r2=5H6== 6G6C 3FC?D H:E9 E9:D 7=2>6j :7 96 6G6C 24BF:C6D E96 7:6C46 2>3:E:@? E@ 36 36EE6C E92? E96 36DE[ 96 H:== >2<6 2 ?2>6 7@C 9:>D6=7 E92E H:== =2DE 2D =@?8 2D E96 82>6 6?5FC6D]”k^Am

kAmw:D ?2>6 5@6D ?@E 6?5FC6 6G6? 96C6 :? (6DE6C? }6H *@C<[ E96 A=246 96 42==65 9@>6] qFE 7@C @?6 52J[ 2E =62DE[ >2J36 H6 42? 492?86 E92E]k^Am

kAm{6E’D C2:D6 2 8=2DD — D@>6E9:?8 2>36C 2?5 7@2>J — E@ #2J r2=5H6==[ E96 A2EC@? D2:?E @7 4@>A=6E6 82>6D]k^Am

kAm|2J36 9:D D@F= 5:5?’E 3FC? H:E9 2>3:E:@?[ 3FE 52?865 :7 E96C6 H2D?’E E92E @?6 52J H96? 9:D 496DE 5:5]k^Am